BMW 3: Intersection collision warning

 Connection for potential compensation lines

The isolation monitoring determines whether the isolation resistance between active high-voltage components (e.g. high-voltage cables) and ground is above or below a required minimum value. If the isolation resistance falls below the minimum value, the danger exists that the vehicle parts will be

 Dual-mass flywheel

In order to reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, high-charged engines are used, the number of cylinders is reduced and the drivable speeds are lowered. However, with these measures the torsional vibrations of the crankshaft are increased as a result of the acceleration during the work cycle